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Copyright  1925 

ONONDAGA  LITHOLITE  COMPANY 

Syracuse,  New  York 


PRINTED  IN  U S. A 


ONONDAGA 
CUT  CAST  STONE 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company 

PLANT  AND  MAIN  OFFICE: 


SYRACUSE,  NEW  YORK 


Two  of  these  eagles,  eight  feet  high, 
surmount  each  of  the  four  pylons  of 
the  Wilmington  Memorial  Bridge, 
Wilmington,  Delaware. 


Architect,  Vance  IV.  Torbert,  New  York  City. 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


HE  Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  pioneer  c Purpose  of 
in  the  manufacture  of  Cut  Cast  Stone,  BookLt 
presents  this  book  to  those  who  have 
occasion  to  use  Cut  Cast  Stone,  that  they 
may  have  a more  thorough  knowledge  of  the  character- 
istics and  possibilities  of  this  building  material.  Many 
of  the  questions  asked  by  the  company’s  customers  are 
answered. 

Manufacturing  processes,  methods  of  finishing, 
and  practical  suggestions  for  its  most  efficient  and 
practicable  use  are  offered,  with  illustrations  of  the 
most  popular  finishes. 

^^'^^The  Onondaga  Litholite  Company  was  estab-  Established 
lished  in  1901  and  its  history  is  a record  of  constant 
and  progressive  development  of  the  business  of  manu- 
facturing Cut  Cast  Stone. 

^^^The  company’s  product  never  has  been  offered 
as  a cheap  building  stone  and  quality  and  service  have 
been  the  first  considerations,  always.  Increased  de- 
mand has  demonstrated  the  appreciation  of  the  users 
of  the  material  and  indicates  that  Onondaga  Cut  Cast 
Stone  fills  an  important  place  in  the  materials  listed 
for  use  in  high  grade  modern  structures. 


Fountain,  Rodney  Square 
IVilmington,  Del. 
by  Zantginger,  Borie  & Medary 
c. Philadelphia , Pa. 


mm 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


The  ‘Drafting  cRpom 
■where  all  working 
plans  are  made 


l Modelling  in  Clay 


[6] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y 


'^s^^e^The  company’s  new  plant  has  a capacity  of  Capacity 
600,000  cubic  feet  of  stone  per  year.  The  operating 
force  that  had  its  beginning  more  than  twenty  years 
ago  has  been  developed  into  a complete  staff  of  masters 
in  the  art  of  stone  making. 


£g?>^^Each  order  for  Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone  is 
handled  in  a thorough  manner  from  its  initial  stage  in 
the  drafting  room  through  every  process  in  its  manu- 
facture. Draftsmen  with  long  experience  in  handling 
the  various  styles  of  architecture  and  classes  of  work 
keep  in  touch  with  the  architect  and  contractor  and 
give  full  co-operation  during  the  progress  of  the  work. 
The  architect  and  contractor  are  kept  informed  of  each 
step  in  the  manufacture  of  the  stone  by  means  of  blue- 
prints and  shipping  lists.  The  staff  includes  skilled 
modellers  and  carvers  who  follow  this  work  through 
up  to  the  time  it  is  accepted  as  satisfactory  in  the 
building  by  the  architect. 


Handling 

Orders 


Photographs  of  all  clay  models  are  submitted 
to  the  architect  and  changes  are  made  until  they  meet 
with  complete  approval.  If  it  is  possible  for  the 
architect  to  personally  examine  and  criticize  the  models 


‘ 'Plaque , kVax  Theatre 
‘ Philadelphia , Pa. 

Frank  E.  Hahn,  Architect 
‘Philadelphia 


[7] 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Section  of  the 
^Modelling  cRoom 


£ Making 
blaster  dAlouId 


[8] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


when  completed,  it  is  always  advisable.  If  the  archi- 
tect is  unable  to  come  to  the  factory,  the  models  can 
be  made  under  his  supervision  and  by  the  artist  in 
whom  he  has  the  most  confidence.  It  has  been 
found,  however,  that  better  results  can  be  obtained  if 
the  carving  of  the  material  can  be  supervised  by  the 
modeller,  thus  insuring  the  proper  feeling  desired  by 
the  architect. 


c 'Architect’s 
Supervision 


A plaster  waste  mould  is  made  from  the  ac-  clay  Models 
cepted  clay  model  into  which  the  material  is  poured, 
this  plaster  mould  being  cut  away  and  the  cast  entirely 
recarved  by  skilled  carvers  under  the  supervision  of 
the  Master  Modeller. 

^^^•If  duplicate  casts  are  required,  a glue  model 
is  made  exactly  following  the  lines  of  the  accepted 
clay  model.  This  allows  the  making  of  the  number 
required  for  the  work. 

Wood  is  used  for  the  patterns  which  are  made 
from  isometric  drawings,  a templet  taken  from  the 
architect’s  detail  being  used.  The  pattern  room  is 
equipped  with  modern  wood  working  machinery  to 
assure  accuracy. 

Coat  of  Arms 

York  State  Armory 
Cornell  University 
'^\V » York  State  Architectural 
‘Department 


9 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


'-'-V;  1 « 


Pattern  Shop 


Crusher 


mm 


. 


[10] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


Sand  moulds  are  used,  sand  being  uniformly  Sand  Moulds 
tamped  around  the  wood  pattern.  After  the  pattern 
is  removed,  the  sand  exactly  reproduces  the  contour 
of  the  pattern. 

The  selection  of  materials  and  their  preparation 
according  to  strict  formula  has  been  the  subject  of 
thorough  study  since  the  establishment  of  the  company. 

sss>g>v&^The  Onondaga  Litholite  Company  has  ac-  Aggregate 
quired  marble  quarries  at  Gouverneur,  New  York, 
from  which  a marble,  probably  the  hardest  American 
marble,  is  quarried  and  shipped  in  large  pieces  to  the 
Syracuse  plant. 

The  marble  having  been  crushed  by  large  roller 
jaw  crushers  is  further  reduced  in  a disc  crusher  and 
by  the  use  of  manganese  rolls,  the  size  used  varying 
from  one- half  inch  to  a fine  sand  size.  The  material 
is  screened  by  power  screens,  each  size  being  stored 
by  itself. 

In  assembling  the  material  for  mixing,  the 
number  of  pounds  of  each  size  called  for  by  formula  is 
deposited  in  the  mixer.  Water  and  cement  are  added  by 


[ 11  ] 


Column  Cap  designed  by 
John  T.  Comes,  Architect 
of  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  for 
St.  Ann’s  Church 
Homestead,  Pa. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


<5 Mixer  and  cAgitator 


Section  of 
£ Moulding  'Room 


[ 12  ] 


Onondaga 


Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


weight.  This  method  insures  the  absolute  uniformity 
and  quality  required  in  a high-grade  Cast  Stone. 

After  being  carefully  mixed,  the  material  is  waxing 
transferred  to  a large  portable  mixer  and  carried  by 
electric  crane  to  all  parts  of  the  moulding  room.  Con- 
stant agitation  keeps  the  material  thoroughly  mixed 
until  it  is  deposited  in  the  moulds  uniformly  and  with- 
out any  segregation  of  the  aggregate. 

sss^v^ssTn  casting,  the  portable  mixer  is  lowered  di- 
rectly over  the  mould,  releasing  a flow  of  the  material 
through  the  long  funnel  directly  into  the  mould. 

^^r^>All  reinforcing  steel  is  placed  where  required  cRemforcing 
before  the  mould  is  filled. 

necessary,  anchor  bolts  are  placed  in  the 
material  before  it  is  allowed  to  harden.  Setting  hooks 
are  placed  in  all  units  for  handling  and  setting  the 
material. 

After  the  cast  has  hardened  sufficiently,  it  is 
removed  from  the  sand  by  cranes  and  carefully  stored 
for  curing.  A uniform  temperature  is  maintained 
which  insures  a thorough  hardening  of  the  material. 

Entrance  Panel 
Qoode-Clement  Building 
‘■Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Esenwein  & Johnson,  Architects 
‘Buffalo,  N.  Y. 


[13] 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


‘‘Pouring  Liquid 
cAggrcgate  into 
mould,  using 
‘Portable  Mixer 


‘Reinforcement 
Placed  in  Mould 
before  pouring 


■ 

■Bflfl  H 

wmmmmmmmm 

mm t 

[ 14  ] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

The  sand  adhering  to  the  cast  protects  it  from  the  air 
during  the  curing. 

After  the  stone  is  cured,  it  is  finished  by  Finishing 
recutting  all  exposed  surfaces  either  by  machinery  or 
hand.  Carborundum  machinery  is  used  extensively: 
Carborundum  saws  for  cutting  and  carborundum 
planers  for  removing  the  surface  of  the  stone.  This 
insures  sharp  arrises  and  true  lines.  Rubbing  beds  are 
used  for  ashlar  work.  The  most  modern  machinery 
for  cutting  and  handling  stone,  as  well  as  special 
machinery  for  cutting  Cast  Stone,  has  been  installed 
in  order  to  insure  high  standards  of  workmanship. 

The  Onondaga  Litholite  Company  employs  Hand  Finishing 
perhaps  the  largest  force  of  expert  stone  cutters  for 
the  production  of  hand  finishes  in  the  United  States. 

cs?3H/^3sTn  finishing  Cut  Cast  Stone  by  hand,  the 
cutters  use  the  same  hand  tools  that  are  used  in 
cutting  and  finishing  natural  stone. 

Throughout  the  process  of  producing  Cut  Cast 
Stone  a most  rigid  inspection  is  maintained.  The 
material  is  checked  for  measurements  in  each  depart- 

Canopy  above  Main  Entrance 
St.  Columba's  Parochial  School 
Schenectady,  N.  Y. 

M.  L.  & H.  G.  Emery  and 
, , IV.  Van  Guy  sling,  Architects 

L D J cAlbany,  N.  Y. 


/ i A 

j I-  \ 

//ilV 

u 1 IaA 

i t~v  \ 


g* 

r. 

1 1 


■ • 
in 

|#‘  I /.IS  I 


|L 


'^0 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Shaping  the 
Carborundum  IVheels 
for  cPlaners 


oA  ‘Planer  at  ■work 


[ 16] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


ment,  thus  insuring  close  adherence  to  the  architect’s 
details  and  drawings. 

After  final  inspection  at  the  loading  cranes,  shipments 
the  stone  is  placed  in  cars  packed  in  shavings  to  pre- 
vent any  breakage  in  transit.  Shipments  are  made  in 
the  order  that  the  stone  will  be  required  and  as  fast  as 
the  contractor  requests,  so  as  to  insure  the  constant  and 
uniform  progress  of  the  building.  Full  co-operation 
is  given  to  the  contractor  throughout  the  progress  of 
the  work. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone  is  uniform  through- 
out. It  can  be  manufactured  in  any  size  with  economy. 
Reinforcement  placed  in  the  stone  effects  a saving  in 
structural  steel  which  would  be  otherwise  required. 
Reinforced  Cut  Cast  Stone  can  be  used  in  long  spans 
and  in  positions  where  it  would  be  impractical  to  use 
natural  stone  without  structural  steel  or  other  support. 


c Distinguishing 
Qualities 


Cut  Cast  Stone  is  used  where  a very  hard  and 
durable  stone  is  required  for  grade-courses,  steps,  and 
platforms. 


Because  the  stone  is  made  according  to  proven 
formulas,  which  have  been  successfully  used  for  many 


[ 17  ] 


cpediment  Ornament 
Hocking  Valley  National  Bank 
Lancaster , Ohio 

Simons , Brittain  & English , Inc. 
oArchitectSy  Pittsburgh , Pa. 


v 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Carborundum  Sauo 
cutting  Cast  Stone 


Section  of 
Hand  Finishing 
c Department 


[ 18] 


■■■■ 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


years,  and  a careful  record  of  all  work  is  kept,  it  is 
easy  to  duplicate  this  material  in  after  years. 

Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone  is  furnished  in  a Color  and 
number  of  colors  and  textures,  each  kind  of  stone  Ttxturi 
having  a number.  Cast  Stone  can  be  made  in  a variety 
of  shades  of  the  same  color  with  excellent  effect,  thus 
avoiding  a monotony  of  appearance  often  objectionable. 

Cut  Cast  Stone,  made  to  blend  in  color  and  finish, 
can  be  used  in  connection  with  any  local  stone  for 
trim.  It  is  possible  to  match  up  natural  stone  which 
for  some  reason  is  not  available  or  is  too  costly. 


s^^^Each  cubic  foot  of  Onondaga  Cast  Stone  Weight 
weighs  one  hundred  fifty  pounds. 

Estimates  are  cheerfully  given  and  are  always  Estimates 
based  on  true  cost  knowledge.  It  is  obvious  that  stone 
requiring  extensive  hand  carving  and  finishing  would 
be  more  costly  than  machine  finished  stone.  It  is 
likewise  true  that  special  stones  and  finishes  add  to 
the  cost  in  proportion  to  the  extra  labor  involved. 


There  is,  of  course,  a great  saving  in  casting 
the  stone  from  approved  clay  models  as  compared 


[ 19  ] 


Entrance  Shield 
Onondaga  V alley  School 
SMelnjin  King,  Architect 
Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


'Duplication  with  the  cost  of  shaping  and  carving  from  hewn  stone. 

As  the  cost  of  the  patterns  enters  so  largely  into  the 
cost  of  the  material,  the  amount  of  duplication  is 
taken  into  consideration  when  making  prices. 

Conng  large  work,  it  is  possible  to  core  the  casts, 

reducing  the  weight  greatly  and  lowering  the  cost  of 
freight  and  handling  at  the  building.  This  is  particu- 
larly advantageous  in  making  large  columns  where  it  is 
possible  to  give  a wall  of  sufficient  thickness  reinforced 
with  steel  to  give  the  same  strength  as  a solid  column. 
Columns  thus  constructed  can  be  filled  with  concrete 
on  the  job.  This  is  not  often  considered  necessary. 


Comiccs  Cornices  can  be  designed  to  permit  coring  of 

the  projection,  reducing  the  weight  of  the  overhanging 
portion  and  minimizing  the  amount  of  steel  required 
to  hold  the  cornice  in  place. 


Lifting  hooks  are  cast  in  all  stone  for  the  use 
in  setting  and  handling.  Conduits  for  electric  wiring 
can  be  cast  in  the  stone  if  desired.  Where  stone  is  to 
be  suspended  from  structural  steel  the  necessary  bolts 
and  hangers  can  be  cast  in  the  stone.  Steel  rods  can 
be  cast  in  stone  for  bolting  it  down  to  the  structure. 


Column  Cap 

yefferson  County  Savings  Bank 
IV aterto'wn,  N.  Y. 

Lansing  & Green,  Architects 
IVatertcwn,  N.  Y. 


[20] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


If  stone  is  used  as  veneer,  "L”  shaped  stone  TWr 
can  be  used  at  corners,  giving  a massive  appearance 
to  the  stone  work.  The  engineers  of  the  Onondaga 
Litholite  Company  will  gladly  co-operate  with  the 
architect  for  any  solution  of  these  problems. 

Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone  can  be  repaired  if 
accidentally  damaged  in  setting  or  after  the  building 
has  been  finished.  The  repairs  are  permanent.  The 
materials  used  in  making  repairs  being  identical  with 
the  material  used  in  manufacturing  the  stone,  these 
repairs  can  be  finished  so  as  not  to  be  distinguished 
from  the  balance  of  the  building. 

Stone  broken  can  be  replaced  at  the  factory  Wreckage 
without  delay,  stock  material  being  kept  on  hand 
and  necessary  cutting  machinery  is  available  to  replace 
the  units. 


Stone  arriving  at  destination  in  a damaged 
condition  should  not  be  removed  from  the  car  without 
first  getting  the  freight  agent  to  note  the  damage  on 
the  bill  of  lading.  The  claim  will  then  be  cared  for 
at  the  factory,  the  damaged  material  being  promptly 
replaced. 


Carved  Panel 
First  National  Bank 
‘Platts burg,  N.  Y. 

Harold  J.  Cook,  Architect 
‘ Buffalo , N.  Y. 


21 


xT  ^ ■ -u. ..iJ; v 

Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Handling  Whenever  possible,  derricks  should  be  used  in 

lifting  the  stone  off  the  cars  and  in  handling  stone 
from  the  cars  to  position  in  building. 

Bags  half  filled  with  soft  wood  shavings  are 
good  protection  in  transit  from  car  to  building. 

Care  in  handling  and  piling  is  reflected  in  the 
appearance  of  the  finished  building. 

<p,%  Stone  should  be  piled  on  strips  of  soft  wood 

and  should  not  be  allowed  to  come  in  contact  with 
mud  and  dirt.  Avoid  the  use  of  hard  wood  shavings 
or  any  wood  which  when  wet  will  stain  the  stone. 

cDesirabie  considering  the  use  of  Cut  Cast  Stone, 

,ggregat€s  there  are  many  pertinent  facts:  The  qualities  of  the 
aggregate  always  determine  the  quality  of  the  Cast 
Stone.  The  best  and  most  durable  stones  being 
granite  and  hard  marble,  and  being  always  available, 
it  is  well  to  specify  that  either  of  these  materials 
should  be  used. 

^^v^s>The  color  of  recut  Cast  Stone  is  determined 
by  the  color  of  the  aggregate  and  not  by  the  cement 


c, Portion  of  Ornamental  Pane l 
yunior  and  Senior  High  School 
cBald'winsville,  N.  Y. 

C.  IV.  Clark,  Architect 
Cortland,  N.  Y. 


[ 22  ] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


used.  It  is  possible  to  use  with  the  aggregate  various 
mineral  colors  and  the  results  are  very  interesting. 

These  colors  do  not  fade. 

Contrasts  can  be  obtained  by  a mixture  of  Contrasts 
aggregates  sharply  contrasting  in  color  — for  instance 
by  mixing  a white  marble  with  a black  aggregate  in 
various  sizes  and  amounts. 

sss^v&^When  it  is  considered  that  all  the  various  ’Variety  of 
finishes  that  have  been  used  in  the  past  on  natural 
stone  are  available,  the  architect  has  open  to  him  in 
this  dependable  material  a wide  variety  of  colors  and 
textures  never  before  easily  available  for  use  on  the 
interior  and  exterior  of  his  structures. 

cg^rg^The  cost  of  a high-grade  Cast  Stone  is  so 
little  more  than  the  cost  of  inferior  materials  that  it 
is  practically  negligible  in  the  cost  of  the  completed 
structure. 


[ 23  ] 


‘Panel  for  Power  House  of 
c. Northern  New  York  Utilities,  Inc. 
IVatertown,  N.  Y. 

C.  A.  Rich,  Architect 
Nlew  York  City 


cgg^&^Twenty  years’  use  has  demonstrated  that 
Onondaga  Cast  Stone  will  stand  all  necessary  tests, 
and  the  longer  the  material  remains  in  the  building 
the  more  pleasing  and  better  it  becomes. 


I 


Capacity — 

2.000  cubic  feet  per  day. 

600.000  cubic  feet  per  year. 


>AGA  LlTHOLITE  COMPANY 


Insert  shows  original  plant  as 
it  appeared  twenty  years  ago. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Specification  The  following  requirements  are  essential  in  the 

manufacture  of  a good  Cast  Stone  and  should  be 
mentioned  in  specifications: 


Aggregate — Granite  or  hard  marble. 

Careful  grading  of  the  materials  after  crushing. 

The  combination  of  the  various  sizes  under  carefully  pre- 
pared formulas  and  by  weight,  so  as  to  get  a maximum 
density  without  the  sacrifice  of  appearance. 

It  is  also  essential  that  the  cement  and  water  be  carefully 
weighed  or  measured.  Too  much  water  in  the  mix  is 
detrimental. 

The  careful  cutting  of  all  surfaces,  gives  the  stone  per- 
manent color,  character  in  finish  and  texture. 

A good  cast  stone  should  be  made  uniform  throughout. 


Necessary  It  should  be  kept  in  mind  that  it  is  impossible 

1 P to  use  the  proper  formulas  to  get  the  best  results  un- 
less the  equipment  is  available  to  properly  handle  and 
pour  the  casts.  The  best  mixture  cannot  be  bandied 
by  band. 

To  properly  recut  all  surfaces  of  Cast  Stone 
requires  special  machinery  and  skilled  mechanics,  not 
available  in  a small  plant. 


A large  plant  and  output  allows  of  the  neces- 
sary flexibility  so  that  large  contracts  can  be  bandied 


Grotesque  ‘Panel 
Teachers’  College  Library 
Columbia  University,  Tlensi  York  City 
cAllen  & Collens,  Architects 
‘ Boston , Mass. 


[26] 


Onondaga 


Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y 


and  shipments  made  in  the  quantity  and  as  required 
at  the  work. 

ssg>&v«&»It  is  needless  to  specify  detailed  methods  of  Experience 
manufacturing  Cut  Cast  Stone,  unless  the  architect  or 
his  representative  can  by  personal  supervision  see  that 
the  specifications  are  carried  out.  It  is  more  important 
to  restrict  competition  to  firms  who  have  recognized 
facilities  and  experience  to  produce  the  grade  of  stone 
required.  Acceptable  firms  should  be  named  in  the 
specifications.  The  contractor  is  put  to  a material  loss 
if  a cheaper  material  is  rejected  after  the  contract  is 
secured,  thus  forcing  him  to  furnish  the  better  material 
at  a higher  price. 

^w^=The  color  and  finish  should  also  be  called  for.  c Approved 
It  should  be  specified  that  a sample  of  the  material  SlV"pL' 
required  is  in  the  architect’s  office  and  it  should  be 
stated  clearly  that  any  material  other  than  those  men- 
tioned in  specifications  must  have  the  approval  of  the 
architect  before  the  bids  are  submitted. 

If  after  the  specification  is  written,  another 
material  is  accepted  as  satisfactory,  all  general  bidders 
should  be  notified  before  opening  of  bids  so  the  com- 

Grotesquc  ‘Panel 
'Teachers'  College  Library 
Columbia  University,  Tle'w  York  City 
cAllen  & Collens,  Architects 
c Boston , Mass. 

[ 27  ] 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


c Architect's 
c Approval 


Competition 


petition  may  always  be  fair.  Often  the  owner  or  the 
architect  determines  the  material  to  be  furnished  and 
arranges  for  its  purchase,  giving  to  the  contractors  the 
price  of  the  stone  and  other  information  necessary  in 
making  bids. 

It  is  often  provided  that  bidders  must  not  only 
get  the  approval  of  the  architect  before  their  material 
can  be  used,  but  that  they  must  also  show  to  the 
architect  actual  work  which  has  been  installed  in  a 
building  at  least  five  years. 

If  a Cut  Cast  Stone  is  specified  in  competition 
with  natural  stone,  care  should  be  taken  to  specify 
the  same  finish  for  both  materials.  If  a hand  finished 
Cut  Cast  Stone  is  required  in  competition  with  machine 
finished  natural  stone,  a figure  for  both  machine  and 
hand  finish  should  be  requested.  Clay  products  are 
not  fair  competition  for  Cut  Cast  Stone. 

It  is  essential  that  the  manufacturer  have  facili- 
ties for  promptly  replacing  material  broken  or  rejected 
at  the  building.  The  construction  of  the  building 
cannot  be  held  up  for  thirty  days  to  await  the  manu- 
facture of  new  units. 


Carved  Panel 
Hummel  Office  Building 
‘ Philadelphia , Pa. 

Thomas,  Martin  & Kirkpatrick 
Philadelphia 


■1/  Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  n.  Y. 

s^&v&&»The  density  and  low  absorption  of  Cast  Stone 
eliminates  the  necessity  of  painting  the  back,  as  is 
customary  for  the  softer  natural  stones. 

^K^iThe  same  standard  requirements  called  for  in  Standard 
good  natural  stone  work  should  be  applied  to  Cast 
Stone.  It  should  be  specified  that  stone  must  be 
properly  reinforced  to  carry  all  loads  and  for  handling. 

Setting  plans  submitted  by  the  manufacturer  should 
show  all  reinforcement  as  well  as  special  anchoring, 
if  necessary,  in  addition  to  the  jointing,  etc.,  and 
should  receive  the  approval  of  the  architect  before  the 
material  is  manufactured. 

cabinet  containing  samples  of  the  most  Samples 
popular  finishes  and  colors  will  be  furnished  for  per- 
manent use  of  the  architect,  or  individual  samples  will 
be  sent  as  required  for  any  particular  use,  together 
with  photographic  reproductions  of  finishes. 

As  soon  as  the  stone  is  set  in  place,  the  mortar 
should  be  raked  out  to  a depth  of  Loose  dirt 

should  be  removed  by  the  use  of  sponge  and  water. 

After  the  building  is  completed,  stone  work 
should  be  washed  down,  using  soap  chips  and  water 


[ 29  ] 


Column  Cap  designed  by 
John  T.  Comes,  Architect 
of  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  for 
St.  Ann’s  Church 
Homestead,  Pa. 


with  stiff  scrubbing  brush.  Do  not  use  steel  brushes. 

‘ Poising  is  very  important  that  acids  should  not  be 

used  in  cleaning  down  stone.  When  cleaning  down 
brick  work  with  acid  solution,  be  sure  that  stone  in 
connection  with  brick  work  is  thoroughly  saturated 
with  water,  so  that  the  acid  will  not  penetrate  stone. 
Then,  as  a safeguard,  stone  should  be  washed  off 
again  with  hose  and  water. 

Joints  should  be  well  dampened  and  pointed 
as  required.  Mortar  should  be  well  tucked  in. 

Monar  583^6^=  Mortar  should  be  composed  of  good,  sharp 
sand  and  cement  in  the  proportion  of  one  part  cement 
and  one  and  one-half  parts  sand.  White  cement  or 
lime  should  be  used  if  light  colored  pointing  is  desired. 

mixing  pointing  mortar,  the  cement  and 
sand  should  be  mixed  at  least  three  hours  before  it  is 
needed.  Before  using  the  material  it  should  be  re- 
mixed and  water  added  until  the  material  is  of  the 
proper  consistency.  If  the  above  directions  are  care- 
fully followed  there  will  be  no  shrinkage. 

^^^^The  Onondaga  Litholite  Company  maintains 
branch  offices  and  has  representatives  in  several  cities 
within  its  shipping  radius.  These  offices  and  the  entire 
organization  at  the  factory  are  always  available  for  co- 
operation with  architects,  contractors  and  builders. 


[30] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y 


SPECIFICATIONS 

following  short  specification  is  recommended 
for  Cut  Cast  Stone: 

All  stone  work  indicated  on  plans  to  be  the  product  of 
the  Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  New  York,  or  an 
approved  equal.  Contractors  wishing  to  bid  on  other 
materials  must  have  such  material  approved  before  opening  of 
bids.  No  stone  will  be  approved  after  the  opening  of  bids. 

AGGREGATE:  Aggregate  to  be  of  Granite  or  Hard  Marble 

and  uniform  throughout. 

REINFORCING:  Stone  must  be  properly  reinforced  where 

necessary  to  carry  loads  and  for  handling. 

COLOR  AND  TEXTURE:  Color  and  texture  to  be  same  as 
approved  sample  No.  100  (*)  on  file  in  Architect's  Office. 

FINISH:  All  plain  surfaces  to  be  machine  tooled,  six 
cuts  to  the  inch,  (**)  mouldings  and  smaller  members  to  have 
smooth  finish.  (***) 

ANCHORS:  All  bolts,  expansion  bolts,  anchors,  ties, 

etc.,  required  for  the  Cut  Cast  Stone  shall  be  furnished  by 
the  steel  contractor.  All  ashlar  and  similar  shaped  stones 
shall  be  anchored  to  the  backing  with  heavily  galvanized 
wrought  iron  anchors  X"  x IV1  turned  down  into  the  stone  lb" 
and  extending  into  the  backing  8"  if  the  thickness  of  walls 
permits,  the  end  to  be  turned  up  lb"  into  the  backing. 

* Stone  No.  ioo,  as  called  for  above,  is  white  in  color.  If  Buff  Granite  is  required,  use  No.  272. 

For  plain  Buff,  use  No.  202.  For  Gray  Granite,  use  No.  170.  Black  Granite,  No.  494.  Pink  Granite, 

No.  3115. 

**  Smooth  finish  may  be  used  instead  of  six  cuts  to  the  inch.  Plain  surfaces  can  be  changed  to 
Fdammer  Dressed  or  Fine  Crandall  Finish,  which  are  hand  finishes  and  more  costly. 

***  Mouldings  and  ornamental  work  can  have  Hammer  Dressed,  smooth  or  Fine  Crandall  Finish.  Six- 
cut  machine  finish  cannot  be  used  on  mouldings  and  ornamental  work. 

Hammer  Dressed,  Planer  or  Fine  Crandall  Finish  can  be  used  on  all  surfaces,  alone,  or  in  combination 
with  any  finish  desired. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Tlaner  or  Honed 
Finish 


^Machine  Tooled  Finish 
four  or  six  cuts 
to  the  inch 


[ 32  ] 


Hammer  'Dressed  Finish 
generally  used  on 
Cut  Cast  Granite 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


Carborundum  wheels  are  used  in 
producing  the  smooth  or  honed  finish 
and  results  in  fine  arrises  and  lines. 


Tooling  machines  are  set  up  with  a 
series  of  carborundum  wheels  that 
grind  grooves  into  the  surface  of 
the  stone. 


[ 33  ] 


Pneumatic  hammers  are  used  to  pro- 
duce this  six  or  eight  cut  finish. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Fine  Crandall  Finish 
used  extensively  on  some 
natural  stones 


Coarse  Crandall  Finish 
used  for  heavier  'work 


cPoint  Finish  is  a ■very 
coarse  finish  used  where  a 
rough,  sturdy  appearance 
is  desired  on  lower  portions 
of  large,  massive  buildings. 


[34] 


, • - . • __ 

cd;*  Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y 


Many  fine  pointed  teeth  fas- 
tened together  make  up  the 
hand  operated  tool  which  is  used 
in  producing  the  Fine  Crandall 
Finish. 


Fdeavy  pointed  teeth  lined  up 
in  a tool  operated  by  hand 
gives  the  Coarse  Crandall  Finish 
as  shown  on  the  opposite  page. 


Point  Finish  is  put  on  with  a 
single  pointed  chisel. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


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[36] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company, 


Syracuse,  N.  Y 


THE  SOVEREIGN 
APARTMENTS 

Cleveland,  Ohio 

Max  Weis,  Architect 
Cleveland 

Erected  1921  on  East  Boule- 
vard for  the  East  Boulevard 
Apartment  Company 


[ 37  ] 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Built  entirely  of  Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Granite 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 
is  especially  suited  to  this 
class  of  work 


TYPICAL  DETAILS 
TR.ACE.E.Y  Windows 

FOE. 

5T  MANY'S  CHUR.CH 


O O WE.  GO  NE.W  YOR-R. 


TRACERY  WINDOW 
St.  Mary’s  Church,  Oswego,  N.  Y. 


<yL 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


RESIDENCE  OF  JOHN  SANFORD,  JR. 

AT  AMSTERDAM,  N.  Y. 

Marcus  T.  Reynolds,  Architect 
Albany,  N.  Y. 

CLEAR  span  of  23 
feet.  Architrave  rein- 
forced to  carry  load, 
as  below,  making  unnecessary 
the  use  of  structural  steel. 


The  Network  of  Steel  Reinforcing  Which  Was  Used  in  the  Architrave  Above 

[40] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  n.  Y. 


CAYUGA  COUNTY 
COURT  HOUSE 

AUBURN,  N.  Y. 

S.  E.  Hillgcr  cuid  C.  C.  Tallman, 
Architects 
Auburn,  N.  Y. 


NE  of  the  cored 
drums  of  the  six 
mammoth  columns 
which  are  part  of  the  main 
entrance  feature  of  the  Cay- 
uga County  Court  House  at 
Auburn,  N.  Y.,  shown  in 
process  of  construction. 

These  columns  are  5'  o" 
in  diameter  at  the  base  and 
28’  10”  high  with  an  average 
thickness  of  i*  o,!  of  material. 


iSKJRSEi 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


METAL FITTINGS  CAST  IN  STONE-  BY-  ONONDAGA  LITHOLITE-  CO. 


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[42] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y 


GUGGEGTIONTOP'PILRCEDCAOT-  GTO  ME-  G R 


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Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


Onondaga 
Cut  Cast  Granite 

has  been  used  in  more 
than  500  bank 
buildings 


Passaic  Trust  Be 
Safe  Deposit  Company 
Passaic  National  Bank 
Passaic,  N.  J. 

Harry  Leslie  IValker,  Architect 
New  York,  N.  Y. 


Peoples  Trust  Company 
Binghamton,  N.  Y. 

E.  IV.  Dickerman,  Architect 
Binghamton,  N.  Y. 


Merchants  National  Bank,  Plattsburg,  N.  Y. 

Harold  J.  Cook,  Architect,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 


Little  Falls  National  Bank,  Little  Falls,  N.  Y. 

Mowbray  & Uffinger,  Architects,  New  York  City 


Peoples  Trust  Company,  Malone,  N.  Y. 

J.  Mills  Platt,  Architect,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


Church  of  the  Epiphany 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Day  & Klauder,  Architects 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Grace  M.  E.  Church 
Warren,  Pa. 

J.  C.  Fulton  & Son 
Uniontown,  Pa. 


Rectory  and  Church  of  The  Holy  Name 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Maginnis  & IValsh,  Architects 
Boston,  Mass. 


qA  few  of  the  many 
church  structures  in 
which  Onondaga 
Cut  Cast  Stone  has 
been  used 


Library  P.  E.  Divinity  School 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Zantginger,  Borie  & Medary,  Architects 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

[ 45  ] 


St.  Mary’s  Church 
Oswego,  N.  Y. 

John  T.  Comes,  Architect 
Pittsburgh,  Pa. 


Onondaga  Cut  Cast  Stone 


D.  & H.  Railroad  Station 
and  Office  Building 
Albany,  N.  Y. 

Marcus  T.  Reynolds,  Architect 
Albany,  N.  Y. 


Maryland  Casualty  Co. 
Administration  Building 
Baltimore,  Md. 

Otto  G.  Simonson,  Architect 
Baltimore,  Md. 


James  Farrell  Residence,  Norwalk,  Conn. 

Walker  & Ward,  Architects 
New  York  City 


Onondaga 
Cut  Cast  Stone 

is  used  for  buildings 
of  -widely  different 
character 


Milbum  Apartment 
Washington.  D.  C. 

Milbum,  Heister  & Co.,  Architects 
Washington,  D.  C. 


Keith’s  Theatre  Building 
Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

Thos.  W.  Lamb,  Architect 
New  York  City 


[46] 


Onondaga  Litholite  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Home 
Ithaca,  N.  Y. 

Gibb  & Waltz,  Architects 
Ithaca,  N.  Y. 


Otseningo  Scottish  Rite 
Masonic  Temple 
Binghamton,  N.  Y. 

IV alter  H.  Whitlock  and 
Charles  H.  Conrad,  Architects 
Binghamton , N.  Y. 


State  Armory,  Ithaca,  N.  Y. 

Nenti  York  State  Architectural  Department,  Albany,  N.  Y. 


Delaware  School,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 
James  A.  Randall,  Architect,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


Monroe  Junior  High  School,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

Edwin  S.  Gordon,  Architect,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 


[ 47  ] 


AVERY  LIBRARY 
COLUMBIA  UNiVti\w.'fY 


